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© 1992 British Society for Rheumatology

research-article

T{gamma}{delta} CELLS AND THEIR SUBSETS IN BLOOD AND SYNOVIAL FLUID FROM PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

C. LUNARDI, C. MARGUERIE, M. J. WALPORT and A. K. SO

Rheumatology Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School London W12 0NN

Correspondence to: Correspondence to Dr C. Lunardi

We have determined the distribution of T{gamma}{delta} cells in the peripheral blood of 44 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in 36 healthy controls. In addition, paired blood and synovial fluid samples were obtained from seven patients with RA. The monoclonal antibodies A13, BB3 and Ti{gamma}A, which are specific for the V{delta}1, V{delta}2 and V{gamma}9 gene products respectively, were used to define T{gamma}{delta} subsets. T{gamma}{delta}+ cells expressed as a percentage of CD3+ lymphocytes were reduced in RA peripheral blood compared with the control group (3.9% ± 0.5 versus 5.7% ± 0.7; P<0.0001). There was a reduction in the V{delta}9/V{delta}2+ subset (from 5.6% ± 1.2 to 1.7% ± 0.4) leading to a change in the mean ratio of V{delta}2/V{delta}1+ cells from 4.3 in normal subjects to 1.1 (P<0.002). No statistical difference was observed in T{gamma}{delta} cell numbers in synovial fluid compared with the paired blood samples (4.0% ± 1.1 in blood and 4.4% ± 1.4 in synovial fluid). Also the distribution of V{delta}2+ and V{delta}1+ cells was similar in the two compartments and a similar alteration in subset distribution was found in blood and synovial fluid. These findings do not indicate a selective accumulation of a specific T{gamma}{delta} subset in RA synovial effusions.

KEY WORDS: Rheumatoid arthritis, T{gamma}{delta} cells, V{delta}1, V{delta}2, V{delta}3, V{gamma}9, Synovial fluid


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