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The British Journal of Rheumatology, Vol 37, 311-313, Copyright © 1998 by British Society for Rheumatology

ORIGINAL PAPERS

Chickenpox monoarthritis: demonstration of varicella-zoster virus in joint fluid by polymerase chain reaction

S Stebbings, J Highton, MC Croxson, K Powell, J McKay and J Rietveld
Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Auckland Hospital, New Zealand.

A case of chickenpox monoarthritis is described. The presence of varicella zoster virus (VZV) within the joint was demonstrated by the detection of viral DNA in synovial fluid at a time when peripheral blood cells were negative. This strongly suggests a direct role of VZV in causing monoarthritis complicating chickenpox. The use of the polymerase chain reaction allows more rapid (2 days) confirmation of the diagnosis. Early enough diagnosis would raise the question of using acyclovir to shorten the duration of arthritis.
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