Rheumatology 1999; 38: 1121-1126
© 1999 British Society for Rheumatology
Clinical evaluation of guidelines and two-test approach for Lyme disease
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology and
1 Department of Virology, University Medical Centre, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht and
2 National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Diagnostic Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Screening, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Correspondence to:
A. A. M. Blaauw, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, F02.127, University Medical Centre, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Objective. The diagnosis of Lyme disease should be based on objective clinical signs and symptoms. In a clinical study, we have evaluated whether the recommended two-step approach for serodiagnosis of Lyme disease is useful in daily clinical practice and can influence clinical decision making.
Methods. The signs and symptoms of patients with ongoing musculoskeletal complaints, assumed by their referring physician or themselves to be attributable to active or chronic Lyme disease, and of patients diagnosed as having Lyme disease, were evaluated. On the basis of clinical evaluation only, patients were classified into three groups: previous Lyme disease, active Lyme disease and no Lyme disease. Antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi were determined by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), followed, when positive, by immunoblotting.
Results. One hundred and three patients (41 males and 62 females, mean age 48.7 yr) participated in the study. Of the 49 patients classified as previous Lyme disease, 25 (51%) had antibodies to B. burgdorferi. All 10 patients with active Lyme disease had positive antibodies and 12 of the 44 patients (27%) classified as no Lyme disease had positive antibodies. No statistically significant differences were found between the percentage of positive immunoblots from patients with previous Lyme disease (72%) and patients with active Lyme disease (100%). In the group of no Lyme disease, five out of 12 patients had a negative immunoblot. Concerning serological testing, immunoblotting could have added additional information. However, immunoblotting did not influence clinical decision making in this group of patients.
Conclusion. Immunoblotting did not influence clinical decision making for the 47 patients with antibodies to B. burgdorferi in this study.
KEY WORDS: Lyme disease, Lyme serology, Immunoblot
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