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Rheumatology 2001; 40: 185-191
© 2001 British Society for Rheumatology

Non-steroidal anti-oestrogens inhibit the differentiation of synovial macrophages into dendritic cells

J. Komi, M. Möttönen, R. Luukkainen1 and O. Lassila

Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Turku Immunology Centre, Department of Medical Microbiology, Turku University, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku
1 Department of Rheumatology, Satalinna Hospital, Harjavalta, Finland

Background. Dendritic cells (DC) have been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Agents that inhibit DC differentiation and function may have a therapeutic value in the treatment of RA.

Objective. To examine the effect of the non-steroidal anti-oestrogens toremifene and tamoxifen on the differentiation of synovial fluid (SF) macrophages into DC.

Methods. SF macrophages from patients with RA were cultured with interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the presence or absence of anti-oestrogens. The expression of cell surface markers on SF antigen-presenting cells (APC) was studied by flow cytometry. The capacity of SF APC to stimulate allogeneic T cells was studied using the mixed lymphocyte reaction. The production of tumour necrosis factor-{alpha}, IL-10 and transforming growth factor-ß1 was studied using ELISA.

Results. Anti-oestrogens inhibited the differentiation of SF macrophages into DC and the capacity of SF macrophage-derived DC to stimulate allogeneic T cells.

Conclusions. By inhibiting the differentiation of SF macrophages into DC, non-steroidal anti-oestrogens may have beneficial effects in RA.

KEY WORDS: Toremifene, Tamoxifen, Rheumatoid arthritis, Dendritic cells.

Correspondence to: J. Komi, Turku Immunology Centre, Department of Medical Microbiology, Turku University, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku, Finland.


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