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Rheumatology 2002; 41: 848-856
© 2002 British Society for Rheumatology

Reviews

Transgenic mouse models for studying the role of cartilage macromolecules in osteoarthritis

H. J. Helminen, A.-M. Säämänen1, H. Salminen1 and M. M. Hyttinen

Department of Anatomy, University of Kuopio, Kuopio and
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

The development of transgenic technology has made possible the generation of targeted gene-mutated mouse lines suitable for use in experimental osteoarthritis (OA) research. Transgenic mice harbouring mutations in cartilage collagen types II and IX develop early-onset OA and are therefore promising models of age-related OA, even though the mice often show signs of chondrodysplasia. Also, mouse lines harbouring other engineered mutations of the extracellular molecules have given rise to early OA. The molecular background of a few spontaneous mutations in mice has also been clarified and the characterization of the OA phenotype is now in progress. These mutations cause severe chondrodysplasia and death in homozygous mice, but the heterozygous offspring develop the early-onset OA phenotype.

Correspondence to: H. J. Helminen, Department of Anatomy, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.


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