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Rheumatology Advance Access originally published online on October 12, 2004
Rheumatology 2005 44(2):211-218; doi:10.1093/rheumtology/keh436
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Rheumatology Vol. 44 No. 2 © British Society for Rheumatology 2004; all rights reserved

Hip dysplasia: a significant risk factor for the development of hip osteoarthritis. A cross-sectional survey

S. Jacobsen and S. Sonne-Holm

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hvidovre University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Correspondence to: S. Jacobsen, Baneledet 17, DK-2830 Virum, Denmark. E-mail: sjac{at}dadlnet.dk

Objectives. The aim of this cross-sectional survey of 2232 women and 1336 men (age range 20–91 yr) was to investigate individual risk factors for hip joint osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods. Standardized, weight-bearing pelvic radiographs were evaluated. Radiological hip joint OA was defined as minimum joint space width (JSW) ≤2.0 mm. Hip dysplasia was evaluated according to common radiographic indices. Radiographic findings were correlated to general health and lifestyle information obtained at baseline examinations and questionnaires. The study focused on age; self-reported hip pain, occupational exposure to repeated daily lifting, body mass index, smoking and hip dysplasia.

Results. Hip dysplasia (HD) prevalence ranged from 5.4–12.8% depending on the radiographic index applied. Hip OA prevalence was 1.0–2.5% in subjects <60 yr of age and 4.4–5.3% in subjects ≥60 yr of age. Of factors entered into logistic regression analyses, only age (P<0.001 for right hips and P<0.001 for left hips) and hip dysplasia (P<0.001 for right hips and P = 0.004 for left hips) were significantly associated with hip OA prevalence in women. In men, only hip dysplasia was associated with hip OA prevalence, P<0.001 in right hips and P = 0.001 in left hips.

Conclusions. Of the individual risk factors investigated in this study, only age and hip dysplasia were associated with the development of hip osteoarthritis.

KEY WORDS: Hip, Hip dysplasia, Osteoarthritis, Epidemiology of osteoarthritis


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