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Caspase-8 has an essential role in resveratrol-induced apoptosis of rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes
1Department of Pharmacology, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon Regional Cancer Center, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Daejeon, 2Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 6 Munhwa-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301–131 and 3Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea.
Correspondence to: G. M. Hur, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 6 Munhwa-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301–131, Korea. E-mail: gmhur{at}cnu.ac.kr
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Abstract |
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Objective. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol, which possesses chemotherapeutic potential through its ability to trigger apoptosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the major determinant for the apoptotic cell death induction by resveratrol in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) derived from patients with RA.
Methods. The effect of resveratrol on apoptotic cell death was quantified in a population of subG1 in RA FLS by flow cytometry. The underlying signalling mechanism for apoptotic death was examined by analysing mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of the caspase cascade and translocation of Bid.
Results. We show that activation of caspase-8 is essential for triggering resveratrol-induced apoptotic signalling via the involvement of the mitochondrial pathway in RA FLS. Our findings also suggest that this enhanced apoptosis caused by resveratrol occurred in RA FLS irrespective of p53 status. Exposure to resveratrol caused extensive apoptotic cell death, along with a caspase-dependent (activation of caspase-9 and -3, poly ADPribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage and mitochondrial cytochrome c release) or caspase-independent [translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) to the nucleus] signalling pathway. Analysis of upstream signalling events affected by resveratrol revealed that the activated caspase-8 triggered mitochondrial apoptotic events by inducing Bid cleavage without any alteration in the levels of Bax, Bcl-xL or Bcl2. The caspase-8 inhibitor or over-expression of crmA abrogated cell death induced by resveratrol and prevented processing of the downstream cascade.
Conclusion. The results suggest that resveratrol causes activation of caspase-8, which in turn results in modulation of mitochondrial apoptotic machinery to promote apoptosis of RA FLS.
KEY WORDS: Resveratrol, Fibroblast-like synoviocytes, Apoptosis, Caspase-8, Mitochondria membrane potential
*HS Byun and JK Song equally contributed to this work.
Submitted 31 July 2007;
revised version accepted 10 December 2007.
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