Rheumatology 2000; 39: 238-244
© 2000 British Society for Rheumatology
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How to improve morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus/Series Editors: D. Isenberg and C. Gordon
University of Toronto Lupus Clinic and Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Evolving spectrum of clinical presentation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) |
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SLE is a chronic multisystem disorder of presumed autoimmune origin in which cytotoxic antibodies, or circulating immune complexes, give rise to tissue damage often resulting in end organ disease and even mortality. The first large series to study mortality in this disease in 1955 revealed a survival of less than 50% at 5 yr [1]. Thus, in the past four decades much of the therapeutic initiatives in this disease have been directed at controlling the acute organ attack and inflammatory response in order to minimize tissue damage and to decrease the very high mortality rates. The therapeutic interventions have focused on the use of corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents in appropriate doses to minimize mortality on the one hand and morbidity from the disease or from the treatments on the other. This approach has in fact been quite successful and the overall mortality rates have improved dramatically over this
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Accelerated atherosclerosis |
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Clinical atherosclerosis in SLE
Subclinical atherosclerosis in SLE
Role of hypercholesterolaemia in accelerated atherosclerosis in SLE
Role of lupus therapy in hyperlipidaemia in SLE
Other cardiac risk factors in SLE
Lupus as a risk factor for accelerated atherosclerosis
Management of atherosclerosis risk factors in SLE
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Cognitive dysfunction in SLE |
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Bone disease in SLE |
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Osteoporosis in SLE
AVN in SLE
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Fatigue in SLE |
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Summary |
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Notes |
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References |
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