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Rheumatology 2000; 39: 245-252
© 2000 British Society for Rheumatology

Reviews

Diagnosis and evaluation of vasculitis

Vasculitis: Aims of Therapy/Guest Editor: R. Watts

W. L. Gross, A. Trabandt and E. Reinhold-Keller

Department of Clinical Rheumatology, University of Lübeck and Clinic of Rheumatology, Oskar Alexander Strasse 26, 24572 Bad Bramstedt, Germany


   Introduction
 
Vasculitis is inflammation of a vessel wall. The systemic vasculitides represent a highly heterogeneous group of clinicopathological entities. Vasculitis has many causes, although it produces only a few histological patterns of vascular inflammation. The clinical expression depends on the site, type and size of vessels involved. Vessels of any type in any organ can be affected, which is reflected in the wide variety of signs and symptoms. Clinically the systemic vasculitides range from benign, locoregionally restricted processes (e.g. cutaneous leucocytoclastic angiitis) to systemic vasculitis leading to life-threatening conditions [e.g. pulmonary renal syndrome in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis]. Many patients develop their disease against a background of non-specific symptoms, such as malaise, weight loss, fever and night sweats (so-called B-symptoms), which reflect constitutional symptoms. More specific symptoms derive from the type of vessels involved; this has led to the well-known classification scheme of primary systemic vasculitides (Table 1Go). However, . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   Classification
 

   Immunopathogenesis
 

   Immunodiagnostic approach
 

   Diagnosis
 

   Diagnostic route
 

   Notes
 

   References
 

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