Rheumatology Advance Access originally published online on February 28, 2003
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Rheumatology 2003; 42: 461-467
© 2003 British Society for Rheumatology
Lower level of synovial fluid interferon-
in HLA-B27-positive than in HLA-B27-negative patients with Chlamydia trachomatis reactive arthritis
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland and
1 Oslo City Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Objectives. To compare the synovial fluid (SF) concentrations of various cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in reactive arthritis, and to look for a correlation between cytokine levels and the presence of HLA-B27 antigen in reactive arthritis patients.
Methods. Concentrations of interleukin (IL) 10, IL-12, IL-18, interferon 
(IFN-) and tumour necrosis factor 
(TNF-) were determined by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in the SF from 48 patients with reactive arthritis, 33 with RA and 13 with osteoarthritis (non-inflammatory controls).
Results. The SF concentrations of IL-10 were significantly lower in patients with reactive arthritis (median 2.3 pg/ml) than in RA patients (median 14.6 pg/ml). The SF levels of IFN- were not significantly different but the ratios of IFN- to IL-10 were significantly higher in patients with reactive arthritis (median 9.2) than in RA patients (median 0.83). When the subset of patients with Chlamydia trachomatis reactive arthritis was considered, the SF concentration of IFN- was significantly lower in HLA-B27-positive (median 2.9 pg/ml) than in HLA-B27-negative patients (median 42.4 pg/ml). After 2 yr of follow-up, two HLA-B27-positive patients, who had low SF levels of IFN-, had a chronic course of arthritis, whereas after 1 yr all HLA-B27-negative patients had complete resolution of arthritis.
Conclusions. The lower IFN- concentrations in HLA-B27-positive patients with C. trachomatis reactive arthritis could be related to the tendency of these patients to have more severe or chronic arthritis.
KEY WORDS: Cytokines, Synovial fluid, Reactive arthritis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Interferon .
Correspondence to: S. Bas, Research Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. E-mail: sylvette.bas{at}hcuge.ch.
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