Skip Navigation

Rheumatology 2005 44(Supplement 4):iv14-iv17; doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kei055
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (10)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Symmons, D. P. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Symmons, D. P. M.
Related Collections
Right arrow Rheumatoid Arthritis
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Supplement Article

Looking back: rheumatoid arthritis—aetiology, occurrence and mortality

D. P. M. Symmons

arc Epidemiology Unit, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.

Correspondence to: deborah.symmons{at}manchester.ac.uk

Kellgren and Lawrence performed the first studies of the incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the UK. These have since been updated in Norfolk. The current annual incidence is 36/100 0000 in women and 14/100 000 in men. The prevalence is 0.8% of the adult population. The incidence, prevalence and mortality of RA have fallen in women in the last 50 yr. Excess mortality is predominantly due to cardiovascular disease. Risk factors for the development of RA include obesity, smoking, high red meat consumption, a previous blood transfusion and an adverse pregnancy outcome. Protective factors include the oral contraceptive pill and adequate fruit intake.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Rheumatology (Oxford)Home page
H. John, E. D. Hale, G. J. Treharne, and G. D. Kitas
Patient education on cardiovascular aspects of rheumatoid disease: an unmet need
Rheumatology, October 1, 2007; 46(10): 1513 - 1516.
[Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer:
Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.