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Rheumatology Advance Access originally published online on November 30, 2005
Rheumatology 2006 45(3):250-260; doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kei207
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

REVIEW

Molecular mechanisms of cell recruitment to inflammatory sites: general and tissue-specific pathways

T. Garrood, L. Lee and C. Pitzalis

Rheumatology Unit, 5th Floor, Thomas Guy House, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK.

Correspondence to: C. Pitzalis. E-mail: costantino.pitzalis@kcl.ac.uk

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Introduction
 
The observation that circulating leucocytes adhere to and migrate across the vascular endothelium was first made 70 yr ago; this was noted to occur without breach of the endothelial barrier, suggesting the presence of complex regulatory mechanisms [1]. More recently, in a series of classic experiments, Gowans and Knight observed that lymphocytes isolated from the rat thoracic duct homed rapidly back to lymph nodes and secondary lymphoid organs upon reinjection: furthermore, it was noted that this occurred across the distinctly shaped endothelial cells of the postcapillary venules [2]. Since then we have learnt much about the molecular basis of leucocyte extravasation and the regulatory mechanisms involved. In this review we will describe molecular interactions involved in the stages of leucocyte recruitment and extravasation into the tissues. We will also describe the specific molecular interactions that allow the selective recruitment of tissue-specific leucocytes to inflammatory sites. Finally, . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   Recruitment of leucocytes to inflammatory sites: the multistep model
 
Rolling: selectins and their ligands
Chemokines and leucocyte activation
Firm adhesion: integrins and their ligands
Transendothelial migration
Cooperation between families of adhesion molecules: refinement of the multistep paradigm
CAMs in human disease: the leucocyte adhesion deficiencies

   Organ-specific lymphocyte homing
 
Tissue ‘area codes’: addressins and homing receptors
Acquisition of homing properties by lymphocytes

   Therapeutic targeting of adhesion molecules
 

   Conclusions
 

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T. Garrood, M. Blades, D. O. Haskard, S. Mather, and C. Pitzalis
A novel model for the pre-clinical imaging of inflamed human synovial vasculature
Rheumatology, August 1, 2009; 48(8): 926 - 931.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]