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Rheumatology Advance Access originally published online on May 4, 2009
Rheumatology 2009 48(7):716-720; doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kep080
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org


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Anti-TNF-induced lupus

Emma L. Williams1, Stephan Gadola1,2 and Christopher J. Edwards1

1Department of Rheumatology, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust and 2Division of Infection, Inflammation and Repair, School of Medicine, Southampton University, Southampton, UK.

Correspondence to: Christopher J. Edwards, Department of Rheumatology, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK. E-mail: cedwards{at}soton.ac.uk


   Abstract

The use of protein-based anti-TNF-{alpha} therapies such as antibodies and soluble TNF-{alpha} receptors is commonly associated with the induction of autoantibodies, whereas anti-TNF-induced lupus (ATIL) is rare. ATIL can occur with any of the available TNF inhibitors, but the frequency and clinical characteristics of ATIL vary between different drugs. Cutaneous, renal and cerebral involvement as well as dsDNA antibodies are more common in ATIL compared to classical drug-induced lupus (DIL), suggesting different pathogenic mechanisms of ATIL and DIL. True ATIL must be clinically differentiated from mixed CTD, SLE or overlap syndromes unmasked, but not induced, by anti-TNF-{alpha} treatment of unclassified polyarthritis. The pathogenesis of ATIL is still unknown. Concomitant immunosuppression can reduce autoantibody formation in ATIL, and withdrawal of anti-TNF-{alpha} therapy usually leads to resolution of symptoms. Steroids and/or immunosuppressive therapy may be required in severe cases.

KEY WORDS: Drug-induced, Lupus, Anti-TNF, Arthritis

Submitted 31 December 2008; revised version accepted 16 March 2009.
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