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Rheumatology Advance Access published online on February 28, 2003
Rheumatology, doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keg212
Rheumatology © British Society for Rheumatology 2003; all rights reserved
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© 2003 British Society for Rheumatology

Original Papers

Cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus--evidence of increased oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia

S. L. Nuttall 1*, S. Heaton 2, M. K. Piper 2, U. Martin 3, C. Gordon 2

1 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
2 Department of Rheumatology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
3 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

* Corresponding author. E-mail: s.nuttall{at}bham.ac.uk.

Received 8 April 2002 ; accepted 28 November 2002

Abstract

Objectives. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with severe and premature cardiovascular disease, which is not explained by traditional risk factors alone. This study aimed to investigate markers of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism and inflammation as potential cardiovascular risk factors in women with SLE.

Methods. Venous blood samples were taken from 53 female Caucasian patients with SLE and from healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Samples were analysed for markers of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism [including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfraction profile] and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Results. Female SLE patients had an atherogenic lipid profile characterized by raised total cholesterol and triglycerides, and the presence of small, dense LDL subfractions compared with healthy controls. These changes were associated with increased oxidative damage and a moderately raised CRP.

Conclusions. The results provide evidence for free radical and inflammatory activity in SLE and suggest potential targets to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in these patients.

Key words: Lupus, Oxidative stress, LDL subfractions, Cardiovascular risk.
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