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Rheumatology Advance Access published online on September 16, 2003
Rheumatology, doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh011
Rheumatology © British Society for Rheumatology 2003; all rights reserved
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© 2003 Rheumatology © British Society for Rheumatology 2003; all rights reserved

Original Papers

Type 2 diabetes in hepatitis C-related mixed cryoglobulinaemia patients

A. Antonelli 1*, C. Ferri 2, P. Fallahi 1, M. Sebastiani 1, C. Nesti 1, L. Barani 1, R. Barale 3, and E. Ferrannini 1

1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy
2 Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena, Modena, Italy
3 Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

* Corresponding author. E-mail: a.antonelli{at}med.unipi.it.

Received 7 April 2003 ; accepted 24 July 2003

Abstract

Objectives. Mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC) is a systemic vasculitis frequently associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A possible link between HCV infection and type 2 diabetes has been suggested. This study evaluated the prevalence and clinical phenotype of diabetes in MC-HCV+ patients.

Methods. Two hundred and twenty-nine consecutively recruited MC-HCV+ patients were compared with 217 sex- and age-matched controls without HCV infection.

Results. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was significantly higher in MC-HCV+ patients than in controls (14.4 vs 6.9%, P < 0.01). Diabetic MC-HCV+ patients were leaner than diabetic patients without MC-HCV (P < 0.0001), and showed significantly lower total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < 0.001) and lower systolic (P = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.005). MC-HCV+ diabetic patients had non-organ-specific autoantibodies more frequently (34 vs 18%, P = 0.032) than non-diabetic MC-HCV+ patients.

Conclusions. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is higher in patients with MC-HCV than in controls. Diabetic MC-HCV+ patients show an attenuated diabetic phenotype and are more likely to carry non-organ-specific autoantibodies.

Key words: Mixed cryoglobulinaemia, HCV, Type II diabetes, BMI, LDL cholesterol, Non-organ-specific autoantibodies.
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