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Rheumatology Advance Access published online on October 24, 2006
Rheumatology, doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kel340
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received May 25, 2006
Accepted September 1, 2006

Original Papers

Treatment of knee pain in older adults in primary care: development of an evidence-based model of care

M. Porcheret 1 *, K. Jordan 1, and P. Croft 1, in collaboration with the Primary Care Rheumatology Society

1 Primary Care Musculoskeletal Research Centre, Primary Care Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffs ST5 5BG, UK

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
M. Porcheret, E-mail: m.porcheret{at}keele.ac.uk


  Abstract

Objective. To develop a stepped model of care for the treatment of knee pain in older adults in primary care based on recommended interventions.

Methods. A systematic search was undertaken to identify interventions recommended for knee osteoarthritis or knee pain in clinical guidelines and systematic reviews. Following this, a nominal group consensus exercise was conducted with members of the Primary Care Rheumatology Society to allocate the interventions to a stepped model of care.

Results. Twenty-seven recommended interventions were identified from 77 publications following the systematic search. A four-step model of care incorporating these interventions was developed through the consensus exercise. Step 1 comprised ten interventions that should be offered to all older adults with knee pain, but could also be provided through self-care. These included exercise, weight loss, paracetamol and written information. Steps 2 and 3 comprised 10 and 6 interventions, respectively, to be considered for people with persisting pain and disability. These included pharmacological interventions such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in step 2 and intra-articular corticosteroids in step 3, and non-pharmacological interventions such as physiotherapy in step 2 and occupational therapy in step 3. Step 4 was referral for surgery.

Conclusions. Previous evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of knee problems have been developed in secondary care. A systematic search for recommended interventions, and a consensus exercise, has now enabled an evidence-based and practical model of care for knee pain in older adults to be developed for use in primary care.

Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis; Knee pain; Treatment; Primary care; Model of care; Consensus exercise.
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